DrawingProcess
λ“œν”„ DrawingProcess
DrawingProcess
전체 방문자
였늘
μ–΄μ œ
Β«   2025/05   Β»
일 μ›” ν™” 수 λͺ© 금 ν† 
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17
18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31
  • λΆ„λ₯˜ 전체보기 (964)
    • Profile & Branding (22)
      • Career (15)
    • IT Trends (254)
      • Conference, Faire (Experien.. (31)
      • News (187)
      • Youtube (19)
      • TED (8)
      • Web Page (2)
      • IT: Etc... (6)
    • Contents (97)
      • Book (66)
      • Lecture (31)
    • Project Process (94)
      • Ideation (0)
      • Study Report (34)
      • Challenge & Award (22)
      • 1Day1Process (5)
      • Making (5)
      • KRC-FTC (Team TC(5031, 5048.. (10)
      • GCP (GlobalCitizenProject) (15)
    • Study: ComputerScience(CS) (72)
      • CS: Basic (9)
      • CS: Database(SQL) (5)
      • CS: Network (14)
      • CS: OperatingSystem (3)
      • CS: Linux (39)
      • CS: Etc... (2)
    • Study: Software(SW) (95)
      • SW: Language (29)
      • SW: Algorithms (1)
      • SW: DataStructure & DesignP.. (1)
      • SW: Opensource (15)
      • SW: Error Bug Fix (43)
      • SW: Etc... (6)
    • Study: Artificial Intellige.. (149)
      • AI: Research (1)
      • AI: 2D Vision(Det, Seg, Tra.. (35)
      • AI: 3D Vision (70)
      • AI: MultiModal (3)
      • AI: SLAM (0)
      • AI: Light Weight(LW) (3)
      • AI: Data Pipeline (7)
      • AI: Machine Learning(ML) (1)
    • Study: Robotics(Robot) (33)
      • Robot: ROS(Robot Operating .. (9)
      • Robot: Positioning (8)
      • Robot: Planning & Control (7)
    • Study: DeveloperTools(DevTo.. (83)
      • DevTool: Git (12)
      • DevTool: CMake (13)
      • DevTool: NoSQL(Elastic, Mon.. (25)
      • DevTool: Container (17)
      • DevTool: IDE (11)
      • DevTool: CloudComputing (4)
    • 인생을 μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ (64)
      • λ‚˜μ˜ μ·¨λ―Έλ“€ (7)
      • λ‚˜μ˜ 생각듀 (42)
      • 여행을 λ– λ‚˜μž~ (10)
      • 뢄기별 회고 (5)

개발자 λͺ…μ–Έ

β€œ λ§€μ£Ό λͺ©μš”μΌλ§ˆλ‹€ 당신이 항상 ν•˜λ˜λŒ€λ‘œ μ‹ λ°œλˆμ„ 묢으면 μ‹ λ°œμ΄ ν­λ°œν•œλ‹€κ³  생각해보라.
컴퓨터λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•ŒλŠ” 이런 일이 항상 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”λ°λ„ 아무도 λΆˆν‰ν•  생각을 μ•ˆ ν•œλ‹€. ”

- Jef Raskin

λ§₯의 아버지 - μ• ν”Œμ»΄ν“¨ν„°μ˜ λ§€ν‚¨ν† μ‹œ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό 주도

인기 κΈ€

졜근 κΈ€

졜근 λŒ“κΈ€

ν‹°μŠ€ν† λ¦¬

hELLO Β· Designed By μ •μƒμš°.
DrawingProcess

λ“œν”„ DrawingProcess

[Robotics] μœ„μ„±ν•­λ²•μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(GNSS) 정리(3): λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 규격 및 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ(NTRIP, RTCM, NMEA λ“±)
Study: Robotics(Robot)

[Robotics] μœ„μ„±ν•­λ²•μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(GNSS) 정리(3): λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 규격 및 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ(NTRIP, RTCM, NMEA λ“±)

2023. 3. 26. 18:43
λ°˜μ‘ν˜•
πŸ’‘ λ³Έ λ¬Έμ„œλŠ” 'μœ„μ„±ν•­λ²•μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(GNSS) 정리(3): λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 규격 및 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ(NTRIP, RTCM, NMEA λ“±)'에 λŒ€ν•΄ 정리해놓은 κΈ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ–΄λ–€ λΆ„μ•Όλ˜ μžμ‹ μ˜ μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό νŒλ‹¨ν•  λ•Œ κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € κ³ λ €ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμΈ 'μœ„μ„±ν•­λ²•μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(GNSS)'의 이둠을 μ •λ¦¬ν•˜μ˜€μœΌλ‹ˆ μ°Έκ³ ν•˜μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.

1. GPS λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 규격 및 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ

1.1. GPS λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 규격

항법 λ©”μ‹œμ§€

항법 λ©”μ‹œμ§€(Navigation Message)λŠ” GPS μœ„μ„±μ—μ„œ μ†‘μΆœν•˜λŠ” λ°˜μ†‘νŒŒμ— μ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ‘œ, 2μ§„ λΆ€ν˜Έν™”λœ 일련의 Pulse μ‹ ν˜Έμ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λˆλ‹€. 50bps의 μ†λ„λ‘œ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ λ°©μ†‘λœλ‹€. 항법 λ©”μ‹œμ§€ λ‚΄μ—λŠ” μœ„μ„± νƒ‘μž¬ μ‹œκ³„μ˜ μ‹œκ° 및 였차, μœ„μ„±μ˜ μƒνƒœ 정보, λͺ¨λ“  μœ„μ„±κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨λœ ꢀ도 정보 및 μƒνƒœ(almanac), 각 ꢀ도 정보와 이λ ₯(ephemeris), 였차 보정을 μœ„ν•œ κ³„μˆ˜ 등이 μžˆλ‹€.

μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μœ„μ„± 항법 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ λ©”μ‹œμ§€ ν˜•μ‹(규격)을 κ°€μ§€κ³  있으며, λŒ€ν‘œμ μœΌλ‘œλŠ” RINEX, RTCM, NMEAκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

RINEX(Receiver Independent Exchange Format): For static data processing and archive

  • GNSS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ—μ„œ μΈ‘μ •ν•œ μ •λ³΄λŠ” μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ˜ μ’…λ₯˜μ™€ μ œμ‘°μ‚¬μ— 따라 λ‹€λ₯Έ ν˜•μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ €μž₯되기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν˜•μ‹μ˜ 정보λ₯Ό 효율적으둜 κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜κ³  μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ 'RINEX'λΌλŠ” κ³΅ν†΅λœ ν˜•μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν™˜
  • GPS μΈ‘μ •κ°’κ³Ό μœ„μ„± 정보λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ‚˜ μˆ˜ν•™μ  λͺ¨λΈλ§μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ κ΅¬μ‘°ν™”λœ ν˜•μ‹μœΌλ‘œ, Version 3은 Galileo, QZS, BeiDou와 같은 μΆ”κ°€ GNSS 지원을 μœ„ν•΄ κ°œμ„ λ¨

NMEA(National Marine Electronics Association): For Real-time positioning

  • GPS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ—μ„œ μƒμ„±λœ μœ„μΉ˜, 속도, μ‹œκ°„ λ“±μ˜ 정보λ₯Ό ν‘œμ€€ν™”λœ ν˜•μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 전달
  • 이 λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” ν•­ν•΄, μˆ˜μƒ 슀포츠 및 기타 GPS μ‚¬μš© λΆ„μ•Όμ—μ„œ 널리 μ‚¬μš©λ¨
  • Most GPS receivers understand the most popular NMEA format -> NMEA 0183

RTCM(Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services): For Real time DGPS/RTK corrections

  • GPS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ˜ DGPS(Differential GPS) ꡬ성을 λ³΄μ™„ν•˜κ³  보정 정보λ₯Ό 전달
  • Binary file (more compact but difficult to understand)
  • Most GPS receivers understand the most popular RTCM format -> RTCM SC-104

일반적으둜 NMEA λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” Rover의 Real Time Positionλ₯Ό μ „λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©°, RTCM λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” NMEA λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ Base Stationμ—μ„œ λ³΄μ •ν•œ DGPS/RTK corrections 정보λ₯Ό μ „λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€. μΆ”κ°€λ‘œ RINEXλŠ” GPS μΈ‘μ •μΉ˜μ˜ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ μ˜€ν”„λΌμΈ 처리λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€. 

1.2. GPS λ©”μ‹œμ§€ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ

NTRIP: RTCM ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ

GPS 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ‹ ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 인터넷 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€. μ§€μ—­κΈ°λ°˜λ³΄μ •μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ(LBAS, Local Based Augmentation System)인 NTRIP(Network Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol)은 μΈν„°λ„· ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ 톡해 GPS(GNSS) 보정 데이터인 'DGPS' 등을 μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” κ·œμ•½μ΄λ‹€.

HTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ 기반으둜 λͺ¨λ°”일 IP λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ₯Ό 톡해 무선 인터넷 접속을 ν•œλ‹€. RTK 보정 전솑 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λ‹€. NTRIP μ„œλ²„(server)λŠ” HTTP μ„œλ²„λ‘œμ„œ NTRIP μ†ŒμŠ€ 데이터λ₯Ό μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 주체이며, NTRIP ν΄λΌμ΄μ–ΈνŠΈ(client)λŠ” 인터넷 접속이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ‹¨λ§κΈ°λ‘œ DGPS 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ‹ ν•˜λŠ” 주체이닀.

주체 μ„€λͺ…
NTRIP Source RTK 데이터 μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬λ°μ„ μƒμ„±ν•˜λŠ” GNSS κ³ μ • κΈ°μ€€κ΅­
NTRIP Server HTTPλ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄ NTRIP Caster에 μ—°κ²°ν•΄ 데이터λ₯Ό 전달함
NTRIP Caster ν•œ μ„œλ²„μ— λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ€ Clientκ°€ μ ‘μ†ν•˜λ©΄ λ”œλ ˆμ΄, 정보 μœ μ‹€ λ°œμƒ κ°€λŠ₯성이 있음. 이λ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜λ € ν”„λ‘μ‹œ μ„œλ²„μ˜ 역할을 함. μ•½ 1μ²œμ—¬ λͺ…μ˜ μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ—κ²Œ λ™μ‹œμ— 데이터 유포 κ°€λŠ₯
NTRIP Client 인터넷 접속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ NTRIP λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ‹ ν•˜λŠ” 이동ꡭ 단말기. TCP/IP 인터넷 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄ μœ λ™ IP λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ„ κ°€λŠ₯

2. NMEA

NMEA(National Marine Electronics Association)λŠ” μ •ν™•νžˆλŠ” 'ν•΄μ–‘ μ „μžκ³΅ν•™ μ‚°μ—…μ˜ λ°œλ‹¬κ³Ό κ΅μœ‘μ„ μœ„ν•΄ λͺ¨μΈ λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬ 단체'이닀. μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ μ •μ˜ν•œ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œ 쀑 NMEA-0183은 GPS ν†΅μ‹ μ˜ ν‘œμ€€ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄λ©°, ν•˜λ‹¨μ—μ„œ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜κ² λ‹€.

2.1. NMEA Sentence

일반적으둜 GPS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°κ°€ μœ„μ™€ 같은 λ‚΄μš©μ„ Serial 좜λ ₯의 ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ λ‚΄λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ”λ°, $둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” ν•œ 쀄이 NMEA λ¬Έμž₯(λ©”μ‹œμ§€)이라 ν•œλ‹€. NMEA λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ νƒ€μž…μ΄ 있고 각 νƒ€μž…μ€ 고유의 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄ 있으며, NMEA λ©”μ‹œμ§€μ˜ 첫 5κΈ€μžμΈ Sentence IDλ₯Ό 읽어 νƒ€μž…μ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ‹€. 데이터 ν•„λ“œμ˜ ꡬ뢄은 ,둜 ν•˜κ³  *둜 λλ‚œλ‹€. μ€„λ°”κΏˆ 문자 , μ„ Linefeed라고 ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμž₯의 끝에 뢙인닀.

  • Device ID(Talker ID): μž₯치(μ œν’ˆ)λ₯Ό κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” ID둜, $ λ°”λ‘œ λ’€μ˜ 2개 λ¬Έμžμ΄λ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ GPS μ œν’ˆμ€ GP, Loran-C receiveλŠ” LC, Omega Navigation receiveλŠ” OM, λ ˆμ΄λ”λŠ” RA이닀.
  • Sentence ID: ν•΄λ‹Ή ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄ κ°€μ§„ λ°μ΄ν„°μ˜ μ’…λ₯˜μ΄λ‹€. (Device IDκΉŒμ§€ 합쳐 μ•ž 5개λ₯Ό Sentence ID라고 ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€)
  • 맨 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ * λ’€μ—λŠ” optional ν•˜κ²Œ Checksum이 μžˆμ–΄ $와 * μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ λͺ¨λ“  데이터λ₯Ό XOR(배타적 OR) κ³„μ‚°ν•œλ‹€.

NMEA의 톡신 ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ—λŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같이 3κ°€μ§€μ˜ 규격의 λ©”μ‹œμ§€κ°€ μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λ©°, 일반적으둜 μœ„μΉ˜ 데이터λ₯Ό μ†‘μ‹ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” ν•˜λ‹¨μ—μ„œ Talker둜 μ–ΈκΈ‰λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯을 μ΄μš©ν•œλ‹€.

  • Talker: output from talker (e.g. GPS receiver) to other devices (PAD)
    • e.g. $GPGGA,031956,2218.2035,N,11410.7595,E,1,04,3,9,005.9,M,-001.3,M,,*51
      • The talker sends the GPS data in GGA sentence format. 
  • Query: means for listener (e.g. notebook) to request specified talker sentence from talker (GPS receiver)
    • e.g. CCGPQ,GGA, [CR][LF]
      • A computer (CC) is requesting from GPS device (GP) the GGA sentence
  • Proprietary: means for manufactures to use non-standard sentences for special purpose
    • e.g. $PLEIS,AHT,0,1.90,0*34
      • “LEI" is Leica manufacturer, “S” for set command
      • The message set the antenna height at 1.9m in the configuration of the internal sensor setting.

ν•˜λ‹¨μ—μ„œλŠ” 일반적으둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” Talker ꡬ쑰의 λ¬Έμž₯ 쀑 λŒ€ν‘œμ μΈ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμΈ NMEA-0183 에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό μ˜ˆμ •μ΄λ‹€.

2.2. NMEA-0183

NMEA-0183은 GPS ν†΅μ‹ μ˜ ν‘œμ€€ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄λ©°, GPS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°κ°€ μœ„μ„± μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό 해석해 이 정보λ₯Ό 외뢀에 μ•Œλ¦΄ λ•Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€.

3개 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄(Physical / DataLink / Application Layer)둜 κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄μžˆλ‹€. 이 쀑 μ–΄ν”Œλ¦¬μΌ€μ΄μ…˜ λ ˆμ΄μ–΄λŠ” NMEA λ¬Έμž₯에 λŒ€ν•œ κ·œμ•½μ„ μ •μ˜ν•˜λ©° GPS λ“±μ˜ ν‘œμ€€ ν”„λ‘œν† μ½œμ΄ λœλ‹€. ASCII μ½”λ“œλ‘œ 직렬(Serial) λ°©μ‹μ˜ 톡신을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€. μ•„λž˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ˆμ‹œμ΄λ‹€.

$GPGGA,141113.999,3730.0308,N,12655.2369,E,1,06,1.7,98.9,M,,,,0000*3E

$GPGSA,A,3,02,07,01,20,04,13,,,,,,,3.7,1.7,3.2*31 

$GPRMC,141113.999,A,3730.0308,N,12655.2369,E,19.77,195.23,101200,,*3C

$GPGSV,2,1,07,07,84,025,47,04,51,289,48,20,40,048,47,02,32,203,46*74
  • $GPGGA: Global positioning system fixed data 
  • $GPGSA: GNSS DOP and active satellites
  • $GPRMC: Recommended minimum specific GPS data
  • $GPGSV: GNSS satellites in view
  • 이 μ™Έμ˜ GPS NMEA sentences 규격과 κ·Έ μ˜ˆμ‹œλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄? λ‹€μŒμ˜ [PPT] Introduction to GPS Data NMEA & RTCM자료λ₯Ό μ°Έκ³ ν•˜κΈ° λ°”λž€λ‹€.

2.3. GPGGA

ν†΅μƒμ μœΌλ‘œ GPS μˆ˜μ‹ κΈ°μ—μ„œλŠ” GP, LC, OM λ“± λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€ Device ID만 μ œν•œμ μœΌλ‘œ 좜λ ₯λ˜λŠ”λ°, λŒ€ν‘œμ μœΌλ‘œ GPGGAλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Έλ‹€. GPGGAλŠ” Global Positioning System Fix Data둜, 17개의 ν•„λ“œλ₯Ό κ°€μ§€λŠ” 데이터 νƒ€μž…μ΄λ‹€.

Index Field Value Description
1 Sentence ID GPGGA Global Positioning System Fix Data
2 UTC Time 114455.532 κ·Έλ¦¬λ‹ˆμΉ˜ ν‘œμ€€μ‹œ κΈ°μ€€ μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ, hhmmss.sss ν˜•νƒœ. λ‚ μ§œλŠ” GPRMCμ—μ„œ μ²˜λ¦¬ν•΄μ•Ό 함. ν•œκ΅­μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš© μ‹œ +9
3 Latitude 3735.0079 ddmm.mmmm(도뢄) ν˜•μ‹μ˜ μœ„λ„λ‘œ, μ˜ˆμ‹œμ—μ„œλŠ” 37도 35.0079λΆ„. deg λ‹¨μœ„ ν™˜μ‚° μ‹œ 37 + 35.0079 / 60 = 37.5도
4 N/S Indicator N λ‚¨μœ„κ°€ S, λΆμœ„κ°€ N
5 Longitude 12701.6446 dddmm.mmmm(도뢄) ν˜•μ‹μ˜ κ²½λ„λ‘œ, μ˜ˆμ‹œμ—μ„œλŠ” 127도 1.6446λΆ„. deg λ‹¨μœ„ ν™˜μ‚°μ€ μœ„λ„μ™€ 동일
6 E/W Indicator E 동경이 E, μ„œκ²½μ΄ W
7 Position Fix 1 μœ„μΉ˜κ°€ κ²°μ •λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”κ°€λ₯Ό λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ„. 0(Invalid 잘λͺ»λœ 데이터), 1(Valid SPS. GPS 제곡 κΈ°λ³Έ μœ„μ„±λ§Œ μ‚¬μš©), 2(Valid DGPS. DGPS 보정해 계산), 3(Valid PPS)
8 Satellites Used 03 계산에 μ“Έ μœ„μ„± 수. μ΅œμ†Œ 3개 이상이어야 함
9 HDOP 7.9 horizontal dilution of Precision. 2차원적 μ˜€μ°¨κ²°μ •(μˆ˜ν‰λ°©ν–₯)
10 Altitude 48.8 WGS-84 νƒ€μ›μ²΄μ˜ ν‰κ· ν•΄μˆ˜λ©΄(MSL, Mean Sea Level) κΈ°μ€€ 고도
11 Altitude Units M κ³ λ„κ°’μ˜ λ‹¨μœ„. μ˜ˆμ‹œμ—μ„œλŠ” meter
12 Geoid Seperation 19.6 μ§€μ˜€μ΄λ“œ(geoid) κ³ (height)
13 Seperation Units M μ§€μ˜€μ΄λ“œκ³ μ˜ λ‹¨μœ„. μ˜ˆμ‹œμ—μ„œλŠ” meter
14 DGPS Age 0.0 DGPS μ‚¬μš©μ‹œ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ μ—…λ°μ΄νŠΈν•œ μ‹œκ°„(λ°μ΄ν„°μ˜ Age)
15 DGPS Station ID 0000 DGPS κΈ°μ§€κ΅­μ˜ ID
16 CheckSum 48 Checksum
17 Terminator CR/LF μ€„λ°”κΏˆ 문자

3. RTCM

RTCM은 Radio Technical Committee for Maritime Services의 μ•½μ–΄λ‘œ, ν•΄λ‹Ή μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œ κ·œμ •ν•œ RTCM SC-104λŠ” GPS λ³΄μ •μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 데이터 포맷(규격)이닀. (보정에 κ΄€ν•œ 사항은 λ°‘μ—μ„œ μžμ„Ένžˆ λ‹€λ£° 것이닀. μ§€κΈˆμ€ λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 이런 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό κ°–λŠ”λ‹€κ³ λ§Œ μ•Œμ•„λ‘μž.) μ•½μ–΄μ—μ„œλ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆλ“―μ΄ 선박에 μ‚¬μš©λ˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 처음 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ‘Œκ³ , ν•­κ³΅μ˜ 경우 RTCAλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€.

3.1 RTCM SC-104

RTCM λ©”μ‹œμ§€λŠ” GNSS λ³΄μ •μ‹ ν˜Έλ₯Ό μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” 데이터 포멧이며, binary λ°μ΄ν„°λ‘œ μ „μ†‘ν•˜μ—¬ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„μœΌλ‘œ 전솑이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€. 이에 λŒ€ν•œ 데이터 포멧은 λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

RTCM Data Format

A data record contains several message types for various contents

  • Message 1, Message2…. Message N

Each message comprises header and body

  • Header: message type, time, length of message, 
  • Body: data for every data type 

Each data record may not include every message type

  • Some send every second (e.g. code corrections)
  • Others are sent at interval (e.g. base station coordinates)

μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ RTCM λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” RTCM 2.0, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.0 λ“± 산업에 맞게 λ³€ν•΄μ™”μœΌλ©°, λ‹€μŒκ³Ό 같은 historyλ₯Ό κ°–κ³  μžˆλ‹€.

Features of various RTCM versions

  • RTCM 2.0
    • for DGPS applications only (message 1,9) and no RTK data
  • RTCM 2.1
    • retain the full content of RTCM 2.0
    • add new messages for carrier phase data and RTK corrections
  • RTCM 2.2
    • contain GLONASS data and associated information
    • store in newly added messages 31-36
  • RTCM 2.3
    • antenna types (message 23)
    • ARP information (message 24)
  • RTCM 3.0
    • RTCM 2.3 requires 4800 bps to broadcast dual-frequency code and carrier
    • phase observation corrections of 12 satellites. The information content is send with 1800 bps in RTCM 3.0
    • accommodate for new GNSS systems that are under development (e.g. Galileo)

ν˜„μž¬λŠ” RTCM 3.0을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  있으며, ν•΄λ‹Ή λ©”μ‹œμ§€ ν¬λ©§μ—μ„œ μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™λ‹€.

3.2 RTCM 3.0 Message Types

RTCM의 λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” λ©”μ‹œμ§€ 번호(νƒ€μž…)으둜 κ΅¬λΆ„λ˜μ–΄ ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λ©°, 각 λ©”μ‹œμ§€λ“€μ€ 헀더와 데이터λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•œλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 1004번의 경우 GPS RTK 관츑정보λ₯Ό λ‹΄κ³  있으며, 1012 번의 경우 GLONASS RTK κ΄€μΈ‘ 정보λ₯Ό λ‹΄κ³  μžˆλ‹€.

  • μΆ”κ°€λ‘œ λ”μš± μžμ„Έν•œ λ©”μ‹œμ§€ νƒ€μž…μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄? 'An RTCM 3 message cheat sheet' λ₯Ό μ°Έκ³ ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜μž

μ°Έκ³ 

  • [SNIP] An RTCM 3 message cheat sheet: https://www.use-snip.com/kb/knowledge-base/an-rtcm-message-cheat-sheet/
  • [SNIP] SAE J2735 DSRC Message List: https://www.use-snip.com/kb/knowledge-base/sae-j2735-dsrc-message-list/
  • [Blog] GPS 이둠: GNSS, RTK λ“±: https://velog.io/@717lumos/GPS-GPS-%EC%9D%B4%EB%A1%A0-GNSS-RTK-%EB%93%B1
  • [PPT] Introduction to GPS Data NMEA & RTCM: http://player.slideplayer.com/download/15/4620651/dm9qL5S8qO4Oq3BLNcr_1A/1679474445/4620651.ppt
  • [PPT] Introduction to GPS Data Communications - NMEA and RTCM: http://player.slideplayer.com/download/19/5912768/vRmsVn7TueU7NpCcYU_K0g/1679475041/5912768.ppt
  • [Blog] NMEA Data Format: http://www.gpsinformation.org/dale/nmea.html
  • [Blog] SNIP: SAE J2735 DSRC Message List: https://www.use-snip.com/kb/knowledge-base/sae-j2735-dsrc-message-list/
  • [Blog] SNIP: RTCM 3 Message List: https://www.use-snip.com/kb/knowledge-base/rtcm-3-message-list/?gclid=CjwKCAjwiOCgBhAgEiwAjv5whFlzVkweKActivKKVRrrGK0BK2WHKbUSx3FlKGzqSZGHr9yO8Pj-2BoCZBsQAvD_BwE 
λ°˜μ‘ν˜•
μ €μž‘μžν‘œμ‹œ λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬ λ³€κ²½κΈˆμ§€ (μƒˆμ°½μ—΄λ¦Ό)

'Study: Robotics(Robot)' μΉ΄ν…Œκ³ λ¦¬μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ κΈ€

[Autonomous] μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ°¨μ˜ 5단계 및 μ±…μž„μ†Œμž¬μ˜ μ •μ˜ (SAE J3016 Toxanomy)  (0) 2023.09.10
[Robotics] Types of Autonomous Self-Driving Car Simulator  (0) 2023.04.06
[Robotics] Modern Robotics : Mechanics, planning, and control - Chapter3. Configuration Space  (0) 2022.05.22
[Robotics] Modern Robotics : Mechanics, planning, and control - Chapter2. Configuration Space  (0) 2022.05.22
[Arduino] Arduino IDE μ‹€ν–‰μ‹œ 문제 - *.json Update  (1) 2020.06.11
    'Study: Robotics(Robot)' μΉ΄ν…Œκ³ λ¦¬μ˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ κΈ€
    • [Autonomous] μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ°¨μ˜ 5단계 및 μ±…μž„μ†Œμž¬μ˜ μ •μ˜ (SAE J3016 Toxanomy)
    • [Robotics] Types of Autonomous Self-Driving Car Simulator
    • [Robotics] Modern Robotics : Mechanics, planning, and control - Chapter3. Configuration Space
    • [Robotics] Modern Robotics : Mechanics, planning, and control - Chapter2. Configuration Space
    DrawingProcess
    DrawingProcess
    과정을 그리자!

    ν‹°μŠ€ν† λ¦¬νˆ΄λ°”